Bohuslav Martinů (1890–1959) was a leading Czech composer known for his significant contributions to modern classical music. Over his career, he composed six symphonies, fifteen operas, fourteen ballets, and numerous orchestral, chamber, and vocal works. A former violinist with the Czech Philharmonic and a pupil of Josef Suk, Martinů left Czechoslovakia for Paris in 1923. There, he moved away from Romanticism, embracing modern French influences and jazz, and later developed a distinctive neoclassical style with rich orchestral textures. His major works include the Double Concerto for Two String Orchestras, Piano and Timpani, the operas Juliette and The Greek Passion, and many pieces inspired by Czech folk melodies. After fleeing wartime Europe for the United States, Martinů’s symphonies were performed by major American orchestras. In his later years, he divided his time between Europe and New York, passing away in Switzerland in 1959. Martinů’s music is celebrated for its lyrical ingenuity, rhythmic vitality, and innovative use of folk elements.